The Unification of 1885
Unification Day commemorates a key moment in modern Bulgarian history. On 6 September 1885, the unification of the Principality of Bulgaria and the autonomous province of Eastern Rumelia was proclaimed in Plovdiv. The two territories had been separated by the Treaty of Berlin in 1878.
The action was prepared by the Bulgarian Secret Central Revolutionary Committee, whose leaders included Zahari Stoyanov. Local militia and armed volunteers took power without bloodshed. Prince Alexander I of Battenberg accepted the unification and became the head of the united state.
Just two months later, Serbia declared war, but the Bulgarian army won at Slivnitsa. The unification received international recognition through the Tophane Act of 1886.
Public Holiday and Days Off
Unification Day is celebrated every year on 6 September. It is an official public holiday and a non-working day in Bulgaria under Article 154 of the Labour Code. If the date falls on a Saturday or Sunday, the next working day is a substitute day off.
In 2026, 6 September falls on a Sunday, so Monday, 7 September is a substitute day off. In 2027, the holiday falls on Monday, 6 September; in 2028, it falls on Wednesday, 6 September.
Commemorations in Plovdiv
The main celebrations take place in Plovdiv, where the unification was proclaimed. They include a ceremonial military roll call, wreath-laying at the Unification Monument and festive concerts.
Commemorations are also held in Slivnitsa, Pazardzhik, Panagyurishte and other places connected with the war and unification.